IMercedes-Benz, imoto yokuqala eyaziwayo ngokusesikweni enenjini yepetroli, yazalwa ngo-1886. Le moto yazalwa ezandleni zomqambi waseJamani uKarl Benz (ewe, iBenz efanayo evela kwiMercedes-Benz). Olu guquko lwemizi-mveliso belungenakwenzeka kwiMercedes-Benz ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwe-arc welding, eyadalwa kwiminyaka embalwa eyadlulayo. Ukususela ngelo xesha ukuya phambili, amashishini eemoto kunye nee-welding ahlala edibene, njengeepleyiti ezimbini zentsimbi ezifakwe i-butt-weld kusetyenziswa inkqubo ye-TIG.
Sidlula kwixesha elinomdla apho izixhobo zokuwelda zenza inyathelo elikhulu phambili. — Greg Coleman
Kangangeenkulungwane, abantu bebekwazi ukudibanisa iintsimbi besebenzisa iindlela zakudala nezinzima zokwenziwa eziquka ukufudumeza nokucofa iintsimbi zide zidibane. Ngeminyaka yoo-1860, indoda yaseNgilani egama linguWilde yaqala ukuhlanganisa iintsimbi ngabom isebenzisa ukuwelda ngombane. Ngo-1865, yanika ilungelo elilodwa le-"electric arc", engazange inomdla kwizazinzulu de kwaba ngo-1881, xa yenza izibane zesitalato ezine-carbon arc. Yakuba i-genie iphumile ebhotileni, akukho kubuyela umva, kwaye iinkampani ezifana neLincoln Electric zangena kwishishini lokuwelda ngo-1907.
NgoSeptemba 1927 – Umbhobho weRamkin Hodge Ulungiselela ukubeka umda wokugqibela woqhagamshelo lwentsimbi ukuya kwisingxobo salo mbhobho wegesi yendalo oyi-intshi ezi-8 othwala igesi yendalo ukusuka eRamkin, eLouisiana, ukuya eHodge, eLouisiana. Yayingomnye wemibhobho yokuqala emikhulu eyadityaniswa nge-arc kwaye kwasetyenziswa izixhobo zeLincoln kuphela kule projekthi.
Inkampani yoMbane iLincoln yaseCleveland, eOhio yaqala ukwenza iimoto zombane ngo-1895. Ngo-1907, iLincoln Electric yayisakhe umatshini wokuqala wokuwelda we-DC olawulwa yi-voltage. Umsunguli uJohn S. Lincoln waseka inkampani ngotyalo-mali lwe-$200 ukuvelisa iimoto zombane zoyilo lwakhe.
Ngowe-1895: UJohn C. Lincoln waseka iLincoln Electric Company ukuze enze kwaye athengise iimoto zombane zoyilo lwakhe.
Ngo-1917: Isikolo iLincoln Electric Welding sasungulwa. Ukusukela oko sasekwa ngo-1917, esi sikolo siqeqeshe abafundi abangaphezu kwe-100,000.
Ngowe-1933: I-Lincoln Electric Company yapapasha uhlelo lokuqala lwe-Arc Welding Design and Manual Manual ukuze abathengi bakwazi ukusebenzisa i-arc welding ngokufanelekileyo. Namhlanje ithathwa njenge "Bhayibhile yokuWelding".
Ngowe-1977: Kwavulwa isityalo se-electrode eMentor, eOhio, e-USA ukuze kwenziwe izinto ezisetyenziswayo ukuze kwenziwe iingcingo.
2005: I-Lincoln Electric ifumene i-JW Harris Corporation, inkokheli yehlabathi kwiinkampani ezithengisa izinto, ukuze yandise amandla enkampani okusombulula iingxaki kunye nokongeza umgca wayo ophambili wemveliso.
Umnakwabo kaJohn C. omncinci, uJames F. Lincoln, wajoyina inkampani njengomthengisi ngo-1907, ngelo xesha uluhlu lwemveliso lwalusele lukhulile lwaza lwabandakanya iitshaja zezithuthi zombane. Ngo-1909, abazalwana bakaLincoln bakha okokuqala iseti yezixhobo zokuwelda. Ngo-1911, iLincoln Electric yazisa umatshini wokuwelda we-AC wokuqala ophathwayo kwihlabathi liphela.
UGreg Coleman, intloko yonxibelelwano lwentengiso kwiLincoln Electric, uchaze umahluko phakathi kwabazalwana ababini baseLincoln. “UJohn C. yinjineli kunye nomqambi onamava amaninzi kuphuhliso lombane eCleveland. UJames F., kwelinye icala, ngumthengisi ozelwe enomtsalane odlalele iqela lebhola ekhatywayo lase-Ohio State elingazange loyiswe. Ukapteni weqela lesibini.” Nangona abazalwana banobuntu obahlukeneyo, babelana ngomoya woburhwebi.
Egqiba ekubeni agxile kuphando lwesayensi, uJohn S. Lincoln wanikela ulawulo lwenkampani kumntakwabo omncinci uJames F. Lincoln ngo-1914. Phantse kwangoko, uJames F. wazisa umsebenzi omncinci waza waseka ikomiti yeengcebiso zabasebenzi, eyayiquka abameli abakhethiweyo abavela kwisebe ngalinye, kwaye ibidibana rhoqo emva kweeveki ezimbini ukusukela ngoko. Ngo-1915, kwintshukumo eqhubekayo ngelo xesha, abasebenzi beLincoln Electric babhaliswa kwinkqubo yeinshorensi yobomi yeqela. ILincoln Electric yayiyenye yeenkampani zokuqala ukubonelela ngeenzuzo zabasebenzi kunye neebhonasi zenkuthazo.
Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane, iOhio yayiyindawo apho oosomashishini beemoto babethandwa khona. Ukusuka kwiGrant Motor Company kunye neStandard Oil ukuya kwiAllen Motor Company, iWillis Company, iTemplar Motor Company, iStudebaker-Garford, iArrow Cyclecar kunye neSandusky Motor Company, iOhio yayibonakala ngathi yeyona ndawo iphambili kwiimoto ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1900. Ngokufika kweshishini leemoto, zonke iimveliso zoshishino zinceda ukuxhasa nokukhulisa ishishini leemoto elisandul’ ukuveliswa.
Kwanakwiminyaka engama-69 eyadlulayo, abathungi babenomdla kwizigcina-ntloko ezinemizobo ebukhali. Jonga esi sigcina-ntloko simnandi se-“Voodoo” sowe-1944.
UJames F. Lincoln wayesazi ukuba abafundisi-ntsapho babeza kuba nefuthe elihlala lihleli kubawelisi bexesha elizayo. “Wayefuna ukuba abawelisi abaqeqeshiweyo bakhumbule igama likaLincoln ndaweni ithile,” utshilo uColeman. Ukudalwa kweLincoln Electric Welding School yayikukuqala kwenkqubo yemfundo. Ukusukela ngo-2010, abantu abangaphezu kwe-100,000 baqeqeshwe ekuweliseni kwishishini.
“UJames Lincoln wayengumntu onembono yokwenene,” utshilo uColeman. “Wabhala iincwadi ezintathu waza wabeka isiseko semigaqo yolawulo lwenkuthazo esisekho nanamhlanje.”
Ukongeza kumsebenzi wakhe wokuphatha nowokufunda, uJames Lincoln yinkokeli ekhuthaza inkcubeko yenkampani ephulaphula iinkxalabo zabasebenzi. “Sisoloko sisebenza ukunciphisa inkunkuma, ukunciphisa iindleko nokuphucula ukhuseleko lwabo bonke ababandakanyeka kwiLincoln Electric. Uninzi lwezi ngcinga luvela kubasebenzi bethu. Nanamhlanje, emva kwexesha elide emva kokuba abazalwana bakaLincoln bemkile, sisadala imeko-bume apho iinkxalabo zabasebenzi zibonakaliswa kwaye zamkelwe.”
Njengesiqhelo, iLincoln Electric ihambisana nokutshintsha kobuso bokuwelda, ityhalela phambili indlela yokufunda. Uqeqesho luye lwaba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yepotifoliyo yeLincoln. “Kwiminyaka emithandathu ukuya kwesibhozo eyadlulayo, sisebenze nenkampani ye-virtual reality ukudala imeko-bume echanekileyo yokulinganisa oko kuya kwenzeka xa kuwelda. I-VRTEX virtual reality arc welding simulator ilinganisa ngokuchanekileyo inkangeleko kunye nesandi sokuwelda.”
Ngokutsho kukaColeman, “Le nkqubo ikuvumela ukuba uvavanye i-weld. Ilinganisa i-engile, isantya kunye nokufikelela ukuze kuvavanywe i-weld. Konke oku kwenziwa ngaphandle kokuchitha izinto ezisetyenziswayo. Akusekho mfuneko ngexesha lokuziqhelanisa. Ukusetyenziswa kwentsimbi eluhlaza, igesi kunye nocingo lokuwelda.”
ULincoln Electric ucebisa uqeqesho lwe-virtual reality njengokongeza kuqeqesho lokwenyani kwivenkile yokutshiza okanye kwindawo yokusebenza kwaye akufuneki luthathwe njengoluthatha indawo yeendlela zoqeqesho zemveli.
NgoMeyi 1939, i-Exhibitor Services yasePittsburgh, ePennsylvania yathenga iLincoln SA-150. Apha, umthungi wentsimbi usebenza kwisakhelo esingangeemitha ezingama-20 esifunyenwe kwilori etshileyo. Le SA-150 yazihlawulela kwiveki yayo yokuqala evenkileni, itsho inkampani.
Iinkqubo zeVRTEX zisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezininzi nakumashishini amaninzi ahlukeneyo kwimeko yangoku njengendlela yokonga imali ngexesha loqeqesho. UColeman uchaze ukuba esi sixhobo asifundi nje kuphela iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuwelda, kodwa sivavanya nabawelda. “Le nkqubo ingasetyenziselwa ukujonga ukuba umwelda unobuchule kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuwelda. Ngaphandle kokuchitha naziphi na izixhobo, inkampani inokujonga ukuba umwelda angenza oko akuthethayo.”
I-Lincoln Electric isebenza ekudibaniseni i-arc, kwaye "oko akuyi kutshintsha," utshilo uColeman. "Siza kuqhubeka nokwandisa amandla ethu okunxibela i-arc kunye nezinto ezisetyenziswayo."
“Sibandakanyeka kwiinkqubo ezininzi zamva nje, ezifana ne-fiber optic hybrid laser welding, apho ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezisetyenziswayo ze-welding kugcinwa khona kule nkqubo,” ucacisa uColeman. Iindawo ezintsha kwinkqubo yokuvelisa ukuphucula ukumelana kwazo nokukrweleka nazo zingasetyenziselwa ukulungisa iindawo ezigugileyo.”
Ukongeza kwinkqubo yokuwelda nge-laser, uColeman ukwathethe nathi ngomsebenzi wenkampani ekusikeni isinyithi. “Sithenge izinto ezithile eziqinileyo ezifana neTorchmate. Kangangeminyaka engaphezu kwama-30, iinkqubo zokusika i-CNC zeTorchmate zibonelele ngeetafile zokusika i-plasma ze-CNC ezifikelelekayo kunye nezinye izisombululo ze-automation kubavelisi kwihlabathi liphela.”
ILincoln Electric nayo yathenga iHarris Thermal ngeminyaka yoo-1990. IHarris Calorific yingcali ekudibaniseni nasekusikeni igesi. Le nkampani yasekwa nguJohn Harris, indoda eyafumanisa indlela yokusika nokusikelela nge-oxyacetylene. “Ngoko ke sikwajonga uqeqesho lokusika isinyithi,” utshilo uColeman. “Enye yezinto esizithengileyo kutshanje yiBurny Kaliburn, umenzi weenkqubo zokusika iplasma ezichanekileyo,” wongezelela. “Okwangoku, singanikezela ngokusika ilangatye, ukusika iplasma ngesandla, iinkqubo ze-CNC zedesktop, iinkqubo zeplasma ezicacileyo kunye neenkqubo zokusika nge-laser.”
“Sidlula kwixesha elinomdla ngenxa yenkqubela phambili enkulu kwizixhobo zokuwelda,” utshilo uColeman. “Izixhobo zitshintshiwe ukusuka kwinkqubo esekelwe kwi-transformer/rectifier ukuya kwinkqubo esekelwe kwi-inverter kwiinkqubo ezininzi ezinee-waveforms ezahlukeneyo,” wongeze watsho. “Ukusetyenziswa kwesoftware ukuphucula iimpawu ze-aluminiyam GMAW arc kuthatyathelwe kwinqanaba elitsha eLincoln Electric ngento esiyibiza ngokuba yiteknoloji yokulawula i-waveform,” wongeze watsho.
Uninzi lwabavelisi abaziingcali bakhetha i-arc ekhethwayo kwisicelo ngokuguqula iimpawu ze-pulse okanye ze-waveform yomatshini. I-Chip Foose ilapha ukuze ibonise ikhamera.
“Inqanaba elilandelayo” uColeman abhekisela kulo bubuchwepheshe bukaLincoln Electric, obuvumela iinkqubo zokuwelda ukuba ziqonde oko umsebenzisi okanye umqeshi akucingayo malunga nokuwelda okusemgangathweni ophezulu kwisicelo esithile.
“Umatshini unokumisela kanye into umsebenzisi ayithatha njenge-weld eyamkelekileyo, aze emva koko ahlole i-weld ngokusekelwe kulwazi olunikwe ngumsebenzisi,” ucacisa uColeman.
Le teknoloji yokulawula i-waveform kunye noseto "oluchazwe ngumsebenzisi" olubonelelayo lunokufumaneka kwisoftware eyakhelwe kwiLincoln Power Wave Inverter Power Supplies. I-Power Wave iyafumaneka kunye ne-waveforms ezicwangcisiweyo kwangaphambili zokuwelda i-aluminium, okanye iinjineli zinokwenza ii-waveforms zazo zisebenzisa isoftware yeLincoln Wave Designer. Ezi waveforms zenziwe yiPC zinokucwangciswa kwiPower Wave.
Ngaphambili, ukulawula ubude bewavelength bekungasoloko kuyingxaki okanye ukhetho. Inkwenkwana ibukele uyise (uJohn Taylor) elungiselela ukulungiswa ngomatshini wakhe wokuwelda ngegesi eLawrence nasefama kaJohn Taylor ngoDisemba 1949.
Ukukwazi ukulawula nokulawula i-waveform kuvumela abawelda ukuba balungise ii-alloys zesinyithi ezahlukeneyo ukuqinisekisa uqhagamshelo oluqinileyo lwe-weld. “Oku akukude kakhulu ne-Lincoln Electric welder yokuqala eyayinobukhulu bePinto kwaye yayisebenzisa i-electrode eqinileyo engenanto,” utshilo uColeman.
Oomatshini bokusika iplasma beLincoln Electric iTomahawk bayinxalenye ebalulekileyo yophuhliso lwamva nje ekwenzeni nasekusikeni isinyithi.
Ukuguqulwa kwe-waveform kunokuba nefuthe eliqikelelweyo kwisantya sokuhamba, ukubonakala kokugqibela kwe-weld bead, ukucoca emva kokuwelda, kunye namanqanaba omsi wokuwelda. Umzekelo, kwi-substrate ye-aluminium encinci ye-0.035-intshi, abasebenzisi banokusebenzisa itekhnoloji ye-Waveform ukunciphisa ukungenisa kobushushu, ukunciphisa ukugqwetheka, ukususa ukuchitheka, ukususa imivimbo ebandayo, kunye nokuphelisa ukutsha. Oku kwenziwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwizicelo ezinokuxhamla kwi-pulsed GMAW. Iinkqubo zokuwelda zinokwenziwa kuluhlu oluthile lwesantya sokutya kweentambo kunye nemisinga, okanye zinokuyilwa ukuba zisebenze noluhlu olubanzi kakhulu lobukhulu bezinto kunye noluhlu olubanzi lwesantya sokutya kweentambo.
Yenza iigophe ezili-12 intshi. Imibhobho yegesi yendalo kwindawo ye-KMA eWichita Falls, eTexas, ngo-Okthobha 1938. Umsebenzi wenziwa kwindawo yokuwela umlambo ukuze kuqokelelwe inkqubo yokuqokelela amanzi phakathi kweminye imithombo kunye nesityalo sokuqhekeka kwePhillips Oil.
I-Techalloy, enye inkampani engaphantsi kweLincoln Electric, ikwindawo yaseMaryland kwaye ivelisa izinto ezisetyenziswayo zokuwelda ze-nickel alloy kunye ne-stainless steel kwi-exhaust systems, ukhuseleko lobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokugqwala kwimizi-mveliso yamachiza kunye namayeza, kunye nokugcinwa kunye nokulungiswa kwimizi-mveliso yeoyile negesi. . Iimveliso zenkampani zithathwa njengomgangatho wemizi-mveliso yokuvelisa umbane kunye nezicelo zenyukliya. I-Techalloy igcina isikhundla sayo esiphambili njengomthengisi we-hardfacing kwizityalo zamandla. Njengoko abenzi beemoto beguqukela kwezinye okanye ii-alloys zesinyithi ezintsha, i-Techalloy ivelise iimveliso ezintsha ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuwelda zabavelisi.
Ii-alloy zesinyithi ezahlukeneyo zineempawu ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ezinomtsalane, nto leyo eyenza i-alloy nganye ibe lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa, nangona zinokudityaniswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ngokuqonda okunzulu nge-metallurgy kunye nezixhobo zamva nje kunye netekhnoloji ethengiswayo, zonke ii-alloy zesinyithi zinokucutshungulwa ngempumelelo. I-Lincoln Electric inceda abawelda ukuba bahlale bephambili kubuchwepheshe ngezixhobo ezihlaziyiweyo kunye neendlela zoqeqesho zamva nje. Le migaqo isisiseko yokusebenza neLincoln Electric kwasekuqaleni ihlala iyeyona nto iphambili kwinkampani namhlanje.
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