Insimbi engenasici ibonelela ngezinto ezininzi eziluncedo kuluhlu lwezicelo zamashishini, kodwa ubuchule bomatshini obukhethiweyo bunokuchaphazela umgangatho kunye nokuthembeka kwamalungu enziwe kule ntsimbi iguquguqukayo.
Eli nqaku livavanya ingqiqo yokusetyenziswa kwensimbi engenasici kuluhlu lwamacandelo kunye neendibano, kwaye ijonge indima ye-photochemical etching njengeteknoloji yokucubungula enokuthi yenza ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha kunye nezichanekileyo zokugqibela zokusetyenziswa.
Kutheni ukhetha insimbi engenasici? Intsimbi engenanto ngokuyimfuneko iyintsimbi ethambileyo kunye nomxholo wechromium we-10% okanye ngaphezulu (ngobunzima) ivumela ukubunjwa kwefilimu ye-chromium oxide eqinile, ehambelanayo, engabonakaliyo, e-corrosion-resistant kwi-steel surface.Ukuba yonakaliswe ngoomatshini okanye ngokwemichiza, ifilimu inokuzilungisa ngokwayo, ngaphandle kokuba i-oksijini ikhona (nakwixabiso elincinci kakhulu).
Ukuxhatshazwa kwe-corrosion kunye nezinye izinto ezincedo zentsimbi zongezwa ngokunyusa umxholo we-chromium kunye nokongeza ezinye izinto ezifana ne-molybdenum, i-nickel kunye ne-nitrogen.
Insimbi engenasici ineenzuzo ezininzi.Okokuqala, izinto eziphathekayo ziyakwazi ukumelana ne-corrosion, kwaye i-chromium yinto edibanisayo enika insimbi engenasici kulo mgangatho.Amabanga aphantsi kwe-alloy axhathisa ukubola kwi-atmospheric kunye neendawo ezicocekileyo zamanzi; amabakala aphezulu-alloy ukumelana umhlwa uninzi acid, izisombululo alkaline, kunye neklorine-eziqulathe bume, ukwenza iimpawu zabo luncedo kwizityalo processing.
I-chromium ephezulu kunye ne-nickel alloy alloy amabakala achasene nokulinganisa kunye nokugcina amandla aphezulu kumaqondo aphezulu.
Ukucoca kwakhona ngumba obaluleke kakhulu. Ukukwazi ukucocwa ngokulula kwensimbi yensimbi kuye kwenza ukuba kube yinto yokuqala yokukhetha kwiimeko ezixinzelelekileyo zococeko ezifana nezibhedlele, amakhitshi kunye nezityalo zokulungisa ukutya, kunye nentsimbi ye-stainless elula yokugcina isiphelo esikhanyayo sibonelela ngoku kwaye kukhangayo. inkangeleko.
Ekugqibeleni, xa kuqwalaselwa iindleko, ukuqwalasela iindleko zempahla kunye nemveliso kunye neendleko zomjikelo wobomi, insimbi engenasici idla ngokuba yeyona nto inexabiso eliphantsi kwaye i-100% inokuphinda isetyenziswe, igqibezele umjikelo wobomi bonke.
I-Photochemically efakwe kwi-micro-metal "amaqela e-etch" (kubandakanywa ne-HP Etch kunye ne-Etchform) idibanisa iindidi ezininzi zetsimbi ngokuchaneka okungenakulinganiswa naphi na emhlabeni.Amaphepha acutshungulwayo kunye neefoyile zihamba ngobukhulu ukusuka kwi-0.003 ukuya kwi-2000 µm. Nangona kunjalo, insimbi engenasici ihlala iyokuqala ukhetho kubathengi abaninzi benkampani ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwayo, ubuninzi bamabakala akhoyo, inani elikhulu leengxube ezihambelanayo, izinto eziphathekayo ezithandekayo (njengoko kuchazwe ngasentla), kunye nenani elikhulu lokugqitywa.Yintsimbi ekhethiweyo yabaninzi. izicelo kuluhlu olubanzi kumashishini, ingakumbi machining 1.4310: (AISI 301), 1.4404: (AISI 316L), 1.4301: (AISI 304) kunye micro-metals ezaziwayo-kakuhle metal austenitic, ezahlukeneyo ferritic, ma Tensitic288 Mo1. / 7C27Mo2) okanye iintsimbi ze-duplex, i-Invar kunye ne-Alloy 42.
I-Photochemical etching (ukususwa okukhethiweyo kwesinyithi ngokusebenzisa imaski yefotoresist ukuvelisa iinxalenye ezichanekileyo) kuneengenelo ezininzi zendalo ngaphezu kobuchule bokwenza iphepha lentsimbi. Ukongeza, inkqubo inokuvelisa phantse iinxalenye ezinzima ngokungenasiphelo ngenxa yokususwa ngaxeshanye kweempawu zecandelo kusetyenziswa i-etchant chemistry.
Izixhobo ezisetyenziselwa etching zinokuba zedijithali okanye zeglasi, ngoko ke akukho mfuneko yokuba uqalise ukusika iimolds zentsimbi ezibizayo nezinzima. Oku kuthetha ukuba inani elikhulu leemveliso zinokuphinda ziveliswe ngokunxitywa kwezixhobo zero ngokupheleleyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba eyokuqala. kunye nesigidi seenxalenye eziveliswayo ziyafana.
Izixhobo zeDigital kunye neglasi nazo ziyakwazi ukulungelelaniswa kwaye zitshintshwe ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kunye noqoqosho (ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphakathi kweyure), okwenza kube yinto efanelekileyo kwiprototyping kunye nokuveliswa kwemveliso ephezulu.Oku kuvumela "ingozi-free" ukulungiswa koyilo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yimali.Ixesha lokuguqula ixesha liyiyo. Iqikelelwa ukuba ikhawuleza ngama-90% kuneendawo ezinesitampu, ezifuna kwakhona utyalo-mali olubalulekileyo lwangaphambili ekusetyenzisweni kwezixhobo.
Izikrini, iiFilters, izikrini kunye neeBends Inkampani inokufakela uluhlu lwezixhobo zensimbi ezingenasici ezibandakanya izikrini, izihlungi, izikrini, izithombo ezinqabileyo kunye nemithombo yokugoba.
Iifilitha kunye neesefu ziyafuneka kumacandelo amaninzi amashishini, kwaye abathengi bahlala befuna iiparitha zobunzima kunye nokuchaneka ngokugqithiseleyo.Inkqubo ye-photochemical etching process ye-micrometal isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa uluhlu lweefilitha kunye nezikrini kwishishini lepetrochemical, ishishini lokutya, ishishini lezonyango kunye ishishini leemoto (izihluzi ezifotothiweyo zisetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zokutofa kwamafutha kunye ne-hydraulics ngenxa yamandla abo aphezulu) .i-micrometal iphuhlise itekhnoloji ye-photochemical etching ukuze ivumele ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwenkqubo ye-etching kwi-3 dimensions. xa isetyenziselwa ukwenziwa kweegridi kunye ne-sieves, inokunciphisa kakhulu amaxesha okukhokela.Ukongezelela, iimpawu ezikhethekileyo kunye nemilo eyahlukeneyo yokuvula ingabandakanywa kwigridi enye ngaphandle kokunyuka kweendleko.
Ngokungafaniyo nobuchule bokwenza oomatshini bemveli, i-photochemical etching inezinga eliphezulu lobuchwephesha ekuvelisweni kweestencil ezibhityileyo nezichanekileyo, izihluzi kunye neesefu.
Ukususwa kwentsimbi ngaxeshanye ngelixa i-etching ivumela ukudityaniswa kweejometri zemingxuma ezininzi ngaphandle kokufumana izixhobo ezibiza imali eninzi okanye iindleko zokwenza, kwaye i-meshes efakwe ifoto ayina-burr kwaye ayinaxinzelelo kunye nokuthotywa kwezinto apho iipleyiti ezinemingxuma zithande ukuba ne-deformation zero.
I-photochemical etching ayiguquli isiphelo somphezulu wezinto ezicutshungulwayo kwaye ayisebenzisi intsimbi ukuya kwintsimbi okanye imithombo yobushushu ukuguqula izinto ezingaphezulu.Ngenxa yoko, inkqubo inokubonelela ngokugqibeleleyo kobuhle obuphezulu kwintsimbi engenasici. ifanelekile kwizicelo zokuhombisa.
Amacandelo ensimbi engenazifoto efakwe ngefoto ahlala esetyenziswa kukhuseleko-olubalulekileyo okanye olugqithisileyo kwizicelo zokusingqongileyo-ezifana neenkqubo zokuqhomfa ze-ABS kunye neenkqubo zokutofa amafutha- kwaye igophe elixhonyiweyo linokugoba ngokugqibeleleyo izigidi zamaxesha kuba inkqubo ayiwatshintshi amandla okudinwa. yentsimbi .Ezinye iindlela zobuchwephesha ezinjengoomatshini kunye neendlela zihlala zishiya ii-burrs ezincinci kunye neerecast layers ezinokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwentwasahlobo.
I-photochemical etching iphelisa iindawo ezinokuthi zibekho zokuqhekeka kwinkozo yezinto, ivelise i-burr-free kunye ne-recast layer gonding, iqinisekisa ubomi obude bemveliso kunye nokuthembeka okuphezulu.
Isishwankathelo Intsimbi kunye nentsimbi engenasici inoluhlu lweepropati ezenza ukuba zilungele izicelo ezininzi ze-pan-industrial.Nangona zibonwa njengento elula ukusetyenzwa ngokusebenzisa ubuchule bokwenza i-sheet metal yemveli, i-photochemical etching inika abavelisi iinzuzo ezibalulekileyo xa bevelisa ubunzima kunye nokhuseleko olubalulekileyo. iinxalenye.
I-Etching ayifuni izixhobo ezinzima, ivumela imveliso ekhawulezayo ukusuka kwiprototype ukuya kwimveliso ephezulu, inikezela ngokuntsokotha kwenxalenye engenamkhawulo, ivelisa iinxalenye ze-burr kunye noxinzelelo, ayichaphazeli ubushushu besinyithi kunye neempawu, isebenza kuwo onke amabakala entsimbi, kwaye ifikelela ukuchaneka. ye ± 0.025 mm, onke amaxesha okukhokela akwiintsuku, hayi iinyanga.
Ukuguquguquka kwenkqubo ye-photochemical etching ikwenza ukuba kube lukhetho olunyanzelisayo lokwenziwa kwentsimbi engenasici kwizicelo ezininzi ezingqongqo, kwaye ivuselela inguqulelo njengoko isusa imiqobo ekhoyo kubuchule bokwenza amaphepha esinyithi kwiinjineli zoyilo.
Into eneempawu zetsimbi kwaye iqulathe iikhemikhali ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu, enye yazo ibe yintsimbi.
Inxalenye ye-filamentous yezinto ezenza emphethweni we-workpiece ngexesha le-machining.Kaninzi libukhali.Inokususwa ngeefayile zesandla, amavili okugaya okanye amabhanti, amavili ocingo, iibrashi zefiber abrasive, izixhobo zejethi yamanzi, okanye ezinye iindlela.
Ukukwazi kwe-alloy okanye izinto zokuxhathisa i-rust kunye ne-corrosion.Ezi ziipropati ze-nickel kunye ne-chromium ezenziwe kwii-alloys ezifana nensimbi engenasici.
Into ebangela ukuphuka phantsi koxinzelelo oluphindaphindiweyo okanye oluguquguqukayo kunye nexabiso eliphezulu elingaphantsi kokuqina kwamandla ezinto eziphathekayo.
Uxinzelelo oluphezulu olunokuthi lugcinwe ngaphandle kokungaphumeleli kwinani elithile lemijikelezo, ngaphandle kokuba kuchazwe ngenye indlela, uxinzelelo luguqulwa ngokupheleleyo ngaphakathi komjikelo ngamnye.
Nayiphi na inkqubo yokuvelisa apho isinyithi sisetyenzwa okanye senziwa khona ukunika umsebenzi omtsha.Ngokubanzi, eli gama libandakanya iinkqubo ezifana noyilo kunye noyilo, unyango lobushushu, ukuphathwa kwezinto kunye nokuhlola.
Insimbi engenasici inamandla amakhulu, ukumelana nobushushu, ubuchule obugqwesileyo kunye nokumelana nokugqwala.Iindidi ezine eziqhelekileyo ziye zaphuhliswa ukugubungela uluhlu lweempawu zoomatshini kunye nezomzimba kwizicelo ezithile.Amabakala amane alandelayo: CrNiMn 200 series kunye ne-CrNi 300 series type austenitic; chromium martensitic uhlobo, lukhuni 400 series; chromium, non-lukhuni 400 series ferritic uhlobo; I-precipitation-hardable chromium-nickel alloys enezinto ezongezelelweyo zonyango lwesisombululo kunye nokuqina kweminyaka.
Kuvavanyo lwe-tensile, umlinganiselo womthwalo ophezulu ukuya kwindawo yokuqala ye-cross-sectional.Kwaye kuthiwa amandla okugqibela.Thelekisa amandla esivuno.